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| also: | Big East Great Midwest Independent Metro Missouri Valley |
| Year | Seed | Record | Finishing Round | Coach |
| 1955 | - | 0 - 1 | Round of 32 (1st rd) | Eugene Lambert |
| 1956 | - | 0 - 1 | Round of 32 (1st rd) | Eugene Lambert |
| 1962 | - | 0 - 1 | Round of 32 (1st rd) | Bob Vanatta |
| 1973 | - | 3 - 1 | National Championship (5th rd) | Gene Bartow |
| 1976 | - | 0 - 1 | Round of 32 (1st rd) | Wayne Yates |
| 1982 | 2 | 1 - 1 | Sweet Sixteen (3rd rd) | Dana Kirk |
| 1983 | 4 | 1 - 1 | Sweet Sixteen (3rd rd) | Dana Kirk |
| 1984 | 6 | 2 - 1 | Sweet Sixteen (3rd rd) | Dana Kirk |
| 1985 | 2 | 4 - 1 | National Semifinals (5th rd) | Dana Kirk |
| 1986 | 3 | 1 - 1 | Round of 32 (2nd rd) | Dana Kirk |
| 1988 | 9 | 1 - 1 | Round of 32 (2nd rd) | Larry Finch |
| 1989 | 5 | 0 - 1 | Round of 64 (1st rd) | Larry Finch |
| 1992 | 6 | 3 - 1 | Elite Eight (4th rd) | Larry Finch |
| 1993 | 10 | 0 - 1 | Round of 64 (1st rd) | Larry Finch |
| 1995 | 6 | 2 - 1 | Sweet Sixteen (3rd rd) | Larry Finch |
| 1996 | 5 | 0 - 1 | Round of 64 (1st rd) | Larry Finch |
| 2003 | 7 | 0 - 1 | Round of 64 (1st rd) | John Calipari |
| 2004 | 7 | 1 - 1 | Round of 32 (2nd rd) | John Calipari |
| 2006 | 1 | 3 - 1 | Elite Eight (4th rd) | John Calipari |
| 2007 | 2 | 3 - 1 | Elite Eight (4th rd) | John Calipari |
| 2008 | 1 | 6 - 1 | National Championship (6th rd) | John Calipari |
| 2008 | 6 | 6 - 1 | National Championship (6th rd) | Tom Crean |
| 2009 | 2 | 2 - 1 | Sweet Sixteen (3rd rd) | John Calipari |
